Does SPARQL federation work in the real world?

Interactive data visualization companion for the paper "Does SPARQL federation work in the real world? A case study over large biological SPARQL endpoints", accepted to and scheduled for presentation at the October 2026 ISWC conference in Bari, Italy.

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This site presents the experiment-level outcomes of federated query executions. For general interpretation, start with Overview Charts and Monthly Views for global trends, then dig into the Data Explorer to inspect individual queries or experiments in more detail.

Scope & Filters (Optional)

Use these filters to narrow the visible data. Defaults show the full main experiment scope.

Overview Charts

These charts summarize the full filtered dataset to show overall reliability, dominant failure modes, and baseline runtime behavior across experiment runs.

Run Color Key With SERVICE descriptions No-SERVICE descriptions

execution success rate by run ⓘ

Error group counts

Median runtime by run (seconds)

Queries with result sets > 0 by run

NO-SERVICE algorithm efficacy comparison

Endpoint-specific outcomes by run

Query outcome heatmap by experiment run

Query error-type heatmap by experiment run

Monthly Views

This section highlights temporal changes in outcomes and workload so you can compare how experiment behavior evolved across testing periods.

Execution success rate by month ⓘ

Query volume by month

General Query Statistics

This section summarizes structural characteristics of the federated query set using the SIB query-analysis statistics dataset. It mirrors the paper tables with descriptive summaries, bucketed feature distributions, and per-query feature listings.

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Feature Summary Table
Feature Average Maximum Minimum Standard Deviation
Feature Bucket Table
Per-Query Feature Table
Query # Triple Patterns # OGPs # UGPs # UGPs w/ Multiple TPs # Federation Members
Interactive Query Complexity Figure

SPARQL Endpoint Reference

Endpoint inventory used by the study workload and its federated targets. This table is reproduced from endpoints_table.tex without altering the underlying endpoint data.

Endpoints listed above the separator are targets in at least one query (the endpoint that receives the full query WITH SERVICE descriptions). Endpoints listed below the separator are federatesWith sources that are only invoked through remote SERVICE calls.

Table caption: SPARQL endpoints represented in the real-world query workload. Triple-store was assessed through endpoint literature, server response, and endpoint service description data.

Endpoint Table
Endpoint Description Triple-store Endpoint URL
UniProt Protein sequence and functional annotations Virtuoso (past) / QLever (current) sparql.uniprot.org/sparql
Rhea Biochemical and transport reactions Virtuoso sparql.rhea-db.org/sparql
SwissLipids Lipid structures unknown beta.sparql.swisslipids.org/sparql
Bgee Gene expression for comparative analysis Virtuoso bgee.org/sparql
OrthoDB Orthologous genes Virtuoso sparql.orthodb.org/sparql
OMA Orthology and protein families Virtuoso sparql.omabrowser.org/sparql
biosoda SPARQL federation server N/A biosoda.unil.ch/emi/sparql
Wikidata General-purpose knowledge graph Blazegraph query.wikidata.org/sparql
Wikidata--QLever Alternative Wikidata endpoint QLever qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata
METRIN-KG Plant metabolome and traits QLever kg.earthmetabolome.org/metrin/api
IDSM Small molecule database PostgreSQL idsm.elixir-czech.cz/sparql
MBGD Microbial genomes Virtuoso sparql.nibb.ac.jp/sparql
STRING-DB Functional protein association networks Virtuoso string-db.org/sparql
Allie Abbreviation and long-form searches Virtuoso data.allie.dbcls.jp/sparql
EPO Linked patent data unknown data.epo.org/linked-data/query
EUNIS Biodiversity and species data unknown semantic.eea.europa.eu/sparql
data.europa.eu European open data Virtuoso data.europa.eu/sparql
GlyConnect Glycoproteomics data GraphDB glyconnect.expasy.org/sparql
MeSH Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) unknown id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/sparql
Bioregistry Registry of biomedical identifiers RDFLib endpoint bioregistry.io/sparql
Identifiers.org Persistent identifier registry unknown sparql.api.identifiers.org/sparql

Data Explorer

Use this area to inspect individual queries or selected experiment groups, with linked tables and charts for detailed, evidence-level comparisons.

Selected Query

Duration across runs

Result counts across runs

HTTP requests vs outcome

Result variability over time

Select a query to inspect temporal result stability.

Query Run Records Table
Run Start Duration (s) ⓘ Outcome Results ⓘ HTTP Requests ⓘ Error

Query Text

Select a query to inspect its text and metadata.

SIB Query Context

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SIB Query Context Table
Interesting Findings & Outcome Notes

This section shows curated field notes documented in Experiment Outcomes (notes).txt.

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Notes

These notes record interpretation constraints and data handling choices so readers can understand assumptions behind the displayed results.